You can't use wildcards for columns - it seems you want to find some way to shortcut the actual writing of the code.
In SSMS - from the object explorer you can drag the columns into your query. If you want all columns then drag the 'folder' column for that table.
A better option would be to purchase an intellisense tool that can do this for you. There are some free ones that may have that capability, but you would have to search for them. I am not aware of any myself.
Now - with that said, Redgate's SQL Prompt does what you want. Type your query out as: SELECT * FROM sometable and then move your cursor to the * - then hit TAB and SQL Prompt will input all columns from the query. That works also with CONCAT or CONCAT_WS.