Always provide real data for us to help you in the following format. otherwise folks wont help you or it will take a lot of back and forth to answer your question.
create table #guardianship(lastname_1 varchar(50), lastname_2 varchar(50),
lastname_3 varchar(50), lastname_4 varchar(50),
legalguardian_1 int, legalguardian_2 int,
legalguardian_3 int, legalguardian_4 int)
insert into #guardianship
select 'Patrick', 'Anderson', 'James', 'Smith', 1, 0, 1, 0
select *
From #guardianship
Where legalguardian_1 =1 or legalguardian_2 = 1
or legalguardian_3 = 1
or legalguardian_4 = 1
would you accept a change in your design as well? Because what happens if tomorrow there are 5 more guardians?